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Gandhi...the man behind the myths
‘The Saint has left our shores, I sincerely hope forever.’ Jan Christian Smuts, the South African minister, uttered these words in 1914. The saint was none other than Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi on his way home to India after 21 years in South Africa. Saintliness certainly came to personify Gandhi’s life and his demise at the hands of an assassin’s bullet sealed his iconic status and sanctified him as the Mahatma, India’s ‘Great Soul’.
As the ‘father’ of non-violent direct action Gandhi is credited for providing the inspiration behind Martin Luther King and the Civil Rights Movement, the peace campaigns of the Greenham Common women and today with protests over climate change and war.
In India and elsewhere Gandhi has also been criticised for being ‘anti-modern’, a hard line traditionalist, a blackmailer who used fasting as a means of getting his way, on the left he is seen as the ‘mascot of the bourgeoisie’ and anti-working class. There are elements of truth to all these accusations but it is important to bear in mind that bourgeois nationalism is far from straightforward, much less pure and fundamentally flawed. Indian nationalism was no exception.
Childhood Gandhi was not from a staunch nationalist family, like Nehru, nor was he from the professional urban elite like Jinnah. Gandhi was born in 1869 into a middle caste family a trading and money lending community who had a reputation for being shrewd, wily, thrifty and good businessmen. His birthplace was the small town of Porbandar, in a semi-independent princely state on the southwest coast of Gujarat where his father’s family had for two generations been diwans (advisers) to the princes and kings. Growing up in a princely state little contact with or experience of direct British imperial rule........MORE
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